Figure 1. Leukemia-MSC cocultures exhibit increased aerobic glycolysis.
A) Leukemia cells (2.5–5.0 × 105 cells/ml) were cultured with feeder layers of MSC (5 × 104 cells/ml) for 48 h, and lactate levels and viable cell numbers were determined as described in the Methods. B) OCI-AML3 cells were cultured with MSC and absolute lactate levels were determined in the culture supernatants after 48 h; * = p<0.001 from MSC alone; **=p<0.005 from OCI-AML3 cells alone. C) Leukemia cells and MSC were cultured as in A) and glucose levels were monitored in the culture supernatants as described in the Methods. D) Cells cultured as above were analyzed by flow cytometry for uptake of the fluorescent glucose derivative 2-NBDG as described in the Methods. All experiments were done in replicates and repeated at least three times. * = p<0.05 from uncocultured controls for all experiments, except in B).