. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Sep 25.

Published in final edited form as: Metabolomics. 2005;1(2):101–108. doi: 10.1007/s11306-005-4810-1

Table 1.

Summary of research participants

	Study 1 MND vs Control		Study 2 MND (non-Riluzole) vs Control
	MND (n = 28)	Controls (n =3 0)	MND (n = 19)	Controls (n = 33)
Age in Years ± SD	54.5 ± 12.4	55.6 ± 13.0	52.3 ± 14.8	56.2 ± 13.5
Caucasian (%)	100	100	89	100
Male (%)	62	55	68	67
Non-smokers (%)	93	90	82	88
Using antioxidants^a (%)	89	31	84	29
Average number of medications^b	9	2	7	3
Disease duration in days from onset to death ± SD	1856.6 ± 980.9		1485.2±763.3

In both studies, the proportion of participants taking antioxidants was greater for patients than for controls (p < 8.8 × 10⁻⁶ and p < 3.4 × 10⁻⁴, respectively, by Fisher’s exact test, two sided).

In both studies, the average number of medications was significantly higher for patients than for controls (p < 2.1 × 10⁻⁶ and p < 9.4 × 10⁻³, respectively, by t-test).