Figure 2. Molecular interactions influencing T cell functional avidity.

Multiple receptor/ligand interactions between the T cell and APC enhance functional avidity. The affinity and kinetics of the TCR-peptide-MHC interaction, and binding of the CD8 co-receptor, contribute to TCR signaling. Sensitivity to antigen is also affected by ligation of the CD28 co-stimulatory molecule by CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2). The adhesion molecule pairs (CD2/LFA-3 and ICAM-1/ LFA-1) enhance functional avidity by increasing the binding strength and intracellular signaling events.