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Effect of RhoA inhibitor C3 exotoxin on Smad3 activation. Monc-1 cells were plated on coverslips and treated with (C3) or without C3 exotoxin (5 μg/ml) for 16 h. Cells were then treated without (DM) or with TGF-β (5 ng/ml) for 30 min. Immunostaining was performed using Smad3 antibody. Colocalization of Smad3 with DAPI (Merge) indicates the nuclear translocation of Smad3. Bar = 100 μm.
