Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Gut logoLink to Gut
. 1978 Nov;19(11):1074–1086. doi: 10.1136/gut.19.11.1074

Dietary lactose and the aetiology of human small-intestinal hypolactasia.

T Sahi
PMCID: PMC1412236  PMID: 103781

Full text

PDF
1074

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ALVAREZ A., SAS J. beta-Galactosidase changes in the developing intestinal tract of the rat. Nature. 1961 May 27;190:826–827. doi: 10.1038/190826b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. AURICCHIO S., RUBINO A., LANDOLT M., SEMENZA G., PRADER A. ISOLATED INTESTINAL LACTASE DEFICIENCY IN THE ADULT. Lancet. 1963 Aug 17;2(7303):324–326. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(63)92991-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Asp N. G., Berg N. O., Dahlqvist A., Jussila J., Salmi H. The activity of three different small-intestinal -galactosidases in adults with and without lactase deficiency. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1971;6(8):755–762. doi: 10.3109/00365527109179949. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Asp N. G., Dahlqvist A., Kuitunen P., Launiala K., Visakorpi J. K. Complete deficiency of brush-border lactase in congenital lactose malabsorption. Lancet. 1973 Aug 11;2(7824):329–330. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(73)90841-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. BORGSTROM B., DAHLQVIST A., LUNDH G., SJOVALL J. Studies of intestinal digestion and absorption in the human. J Clin Invest. 1957 Oct;36(10):1521–1536. doi: 10.1172/JCI103549. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bainbridge F. A. On the adaptation of the pancreas. J Physiol. 1904 May 3;31(2):98–119. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1904.sp001026. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Bayless T. M., Christopher N. L. Disaccharidase deficiency. Am J Clin Nutr. 1969 Feb;22(2):181–190. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/22.2.181. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Bayless T. M., Rosensweig N. S. A racial difference in incidence of lactase deficiency. A survey of milk intolerance and lactase deficiency in healthy adult males. JAMA. 1966 Sep 19;197(12):968–972. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Becker A., Cerda R., Delgado P., Orrego-Matte H., Navia E. Letters: Lack of effect of rat milk on intestinal lactase activity in the postweaning rat. Acta Physiol Lat Am. 1974;24(6):662–665. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Bedine M. S., Bayless T. M. Intolerance of small amounts of lactose by individuals with low lactase levels. Gastroenterology. 1973 Nov;65(5):735–743. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Bolin T. D., Crane G. G., Davis A. E. Lactose intolerance in various ethnic groups in South-East Asia. Australas Ann Med. 1968 Nov;17(4):300–306. doi: 10.1111/imj.1968.17.4.300. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Bolin T. D., Davis A. E. Asian lactose intolerance and its relation to intake of lactose. Nature. 1969 Apr 26;222(5191):382–383. doi: 10.1038/222382a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Bolin T. D., Davis A. E. Lactose intolerance in Australian-born Chinese. Australas Ann Med. 1970 Feb;19(1):40–41. doi: 10.1111/imj.1970.19.1.40. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Bolin T. D., Davis A. E. Primary lactase deficiency: genetic or acquired? Am J Dig Dis. 1970 Jul;15(7):679–692. doi: 10.1007/BF02236031. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Bolin T. D., McKern A., Davis A. E. The effect of diet on lactase activity in the rat. Gastroenterology. 1971 Mar;60(3):432–437. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Bolin T. D., Pirola R. C., Davis A. E. Adaptation of intestinal lactase in the rat. Gastroenterology. 1969 Oct;57(4):406–409. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. CUATRECASAS P., LOCKWOOD D. H., CALDWELL J. R. LACTASE DEFICIENCY IN THE ADULT. A COMMON OCCURRENCE. Lancet. 1965 Jan 2;1(7375):14–18. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(65)90922-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Cain G. D., Moore P., Jr, Patterson M., McElveen M. A. The stimulation of lactase by feeding lactose. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1969;4(6):545–550. doi: 10.3109/00365526909180647. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Calloway D. H., Murphy E. L., Bauer D. Determination of lactose intolerance by breath analysis. Am J Dig Dis. 1969 Nov;14(11):811–815. doi: 10.1007/BF02235972. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Chua K. L., Seah C. S. Lactose intolerance: hereditary or acquired? Effect of prolonged milk feeding. Singapore Med J. 1973 Mar;14(1):29–33. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Cook G. C., Kajubi S. K. Tribal incidence of lactase deficiency in Uganda. Lancet. 1966 Apr 2;1(7440):725–729. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(66)90888-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Cook G. C. Lactase activity in newborn and infant Baganda. Br Med J. 1967 Mar 4;1(5539):527–530. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5539.527. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Cook G. C., Lee F. D. The jejunum after kwashiorkor. Lancet. 1966 Dec 10;2(7476):1263–1267. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(66)91686-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. DAHLQVIST A., BORGSTROM B. Digestion and absorption of disaccharides in man. Biochem J. 1961 Nov;81:411–418. doi: 10.1042/bj0810411. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. DAHLQVIST A. Determination of maltase and isomaltase activities with a glucose-oxidase reagent. Biochem J. 1961 Sep;80:547–551. doi: 10.1042/bj0800547. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. DAHLQVIST A., HAMMOND J. B., CRANE R. K., DUNPHY J. V., LITTMAN A. INTESTINAL LACTASE DEFICIENCY AND LACTOSE INTOLERANCE IN ADULTS. PRELIMINARY REPORT. Gastroenterology. 1963 Oct;45:488–491. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. DAHLQVIST A. METHOD FOR ASSAY OF INTESTINAL DISACCHARIDASES. Anal Biochem. 1964 Jan;7:18–25. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(64)90115-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. DOELL R. G., KRETCHMER N. Studies of small intestine during development. I. Distribution and activity of beta-galactosidase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1962 Aug 13;62:353–362. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(62)90097-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Dahlqvist A., Lindquist B. Lactose intolerance and protein malnutrition. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1971 Jul;60(4):488–494. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06693.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Deren J. J., Broitman S. A., Zamcheck N. Effect of diet upon intestinal disaccharidases and disaccharide absorption. J Clin Invest. 1967 Feb;46(2):186–195. doi: 10.1172/JCI105521. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Desai H. G., Antia F. P. Lactose load and abdominal symptoms: should milk be withdrawn from healthy subjects with low lactase levels? Gastroenterology. 1973 Jan;64(1):136–138. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Ekstrom K. E., Benevenga N. J., Grummer R. H. Effects of diets containing dried whey on the lactase activity of the small intestinal mucosa and the contents of the small intestine and cecum of the pig. J Nutr. 1975 Jul;105(7):851–860. doi: 10.1093/jn/105.7.851. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Ekstrom K. E., Grummer R. H., Benevenga N. J. Effects of a diet containing 40% dried whey on the performance and lactase activities in the small intestine and cecum of Hampshire and Chester White pigs. J Anim Sci. 1976 Jan;42(1):106–113. doi: 10.2527/jas1976.421106x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. FISCHER J. E. Effects of feeding a diet containing lactose upon beta-D-galactosidase activity and organ development in the rat digestive tract. Am J Physiol. 1957 Jan;188(1):49–53. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1956.188.1.49. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Ferguson A., Gerskowitch V. P., Russell R. I. Pre- and postweaning disaccharidase patterns in isografts of fetal mouse intestine. Gastroenterology. 1973 Feb;64(2):292–297. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Ferguson A., Maxwell J. D. Genetic aetiology of lactose intolerance. Lancet. 1967 Jul 22;2(7508):188–190. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(67)90009-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Fischer W., Zapf J. Zur erworbenen Lactoseintoleranz. Klin Wochenschr. 1965 Dec 1;43(23):1243–1246. doi: 10.1007/BF01734696. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Flatz G., Rotthauwe H. W. The human lactase polymorphism: physiology and genetics of lactose absorption and malabsorption. Prog Med Genet. 1977;2:205–249. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Flatz G., Saengudom C. Lactose tolerance in Asians: a family study. Nature. 1969 Nov 29;224(5222):915–916. doi: 10.1038/224915a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Flatz G., Saengudom C., Sanguanbhokhai T. Lactose intolerance in Thailand. Nature. 1969 Feb 22;221(5182):758–759. doi: 10.1038/221758b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Freiburghaus A. U., Schmitz J., Schindler M., Rotthauwe H. W., Kuitunen P., Launiala K., Hadorn B. Protein patterns of brush-border fragments in congenital lactose malabsorption and in specific hypolactasia of the adult. N Engl J Med. 1976 May 6;294(19):1030–1032. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197605062941903. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. GIRARDET P., RICHTERICH R., ANTENER I. ADAPTATION DE LA LACTASE INTESTINALE 'A L'ADMINISTRATION DE LACTOSE CHEZ LE RAT ADULTE. Helv Physiol Pharmacol Acta. 1964;22:7–14. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Gilat T., Benaroya Y., Gelman-Malachi E., Adam A. Genetics of primary adult lactase deficiency. Gastroenterology. 1973 Apr;64(4):562–568. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Gilat T. Lactase--an adaptable enzyme? Gastroenterology. 1971 Feb;60(2):346–347. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Gilat T., Russo S., Gelman-Malachi E., Aldor T. A. Lactase in man: a nonadaptable enzyme. Gastroenterology. 1972 Jun;62(6):1125–1127. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Gudmand-Hoyer E., Dahlqvist A., Jarnum S. The clinical significance of lactose malabsorption. Am J Gastroenterol. 1970 May;53(5):460–473. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Gudmand-Hoyer E., Jarnum S. The diagnosis of lactose malabsorption. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1968;3(2):129–139. doi: 10.3109/00365526809180112. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Gudmand-Hoyer E., McNair A., Jarnum S. Laktosemalabsorption in Vestgrønland. Ugeskr Laeger. 1973 Jan 22;135(4):169–172. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. HAEMMERLI U. P., KISTLER H., AMMANN R., MARTHALER T., SEMENZA G., AURICCHIO S., PRADER A. ACQUIRED MILK INTOLERANCE IN THE ADULT CAUSED BY LACTOSE MALABSORPTION DUE TO A SELECTIVE DEFICIENCY OF INTESTINAL LACTASE ACTIVITY. Am J Med. 1965 Jan;38:7–30. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(65)90156-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. HEILSKOV N. S. C. Studies on animal lactase. II. Distribution in some of the glands of the digestive tract. Acta Physiol Scand. 1951 Oct 9;24(1):84–89. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1951.tb00828.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. HOLZEL A., SCHWARZ V., SUTCLIFFE K. W. Defective lactose absorption causing malnutrition in infancy. Lancet. 1959 May 30;1(7083):1126–1128. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(59)90710-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Holzel A. Defects of sugar absorption. Sugar malabsorption and sugar intolerance in childhood. Proc R Soc Med. 1968 Nov;61(11 Pt 1):1095–1099. doi: 10.1177/003591576806111P115. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Huang S. S., Bayless T. M. Lactose intolerance in healthy children. N Engl J Med. 1967 Jun 8;276(23):1283–1287. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196706082762303. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Isokoski M., Jussila J., Sarna S. A simple screening method for lactose malabsorption. Gastroenterology. 1972 Jan;62(1):28–32. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. JACOB F., MONOD J. Genetic regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of proteins. J Mol Biol. 1961 Jun;3:318–356. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(61)80072-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Johnson J. D., Kretchmer N., Simoons F. J. Lactose malabsorption: its biology and history. Adv Pediatr. 1974;21:197–237. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Jussila J. Diagnosis of lactose malabsorption by the lactose tolerance test with peroral ethanol administration. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1969;4(4):361–368. doi: 10.3109/00365526909180617. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Jussila J., Launiala K., Gorbatow O. Lactase deficiency and a lactose-free diet in patients with "unspecific abdominal complaints". Acta Med Scand. 1969 Sep;186(3):217–222. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1969.tb01466.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Jussila J. The lactose tolerance test with intravenous administration of ethanol. Ann Clin Res. 1969 May;1(1):50–56. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. KOLDOVSKY O., CHYTIL F. POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF BETA-GALACTOSIDASE ACTIVITY IN THE SMALL INTESTINE OF THE RAT. EFFECT OF ADRENALECTOMY AND DIET. Biochem J. 1965 Jan;94:266–270. doi: 10.1042/bj0940266. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  61. Kern F., Jr, Struthers J. E., Jr Intestinal lactase deficiency and lactose intolerance in adults. JAMA. 1966 Mar 14;195(11):927–930. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  62. Keusch G. T., Troncale F. J., Miller L. H., Promadhat V., Anderson P. R. Acquired lactose malabsorption in Thai children. Pediatrics. 1969 Apr;43(4):540–545. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  63. Keusch G. T., Troncale F. J., Thavaramara B., Prinyanont P., Anderson P. R., Bhamarapravathi N. Lactase deficiency in Thailand: effect of prolonged lactose feeding. Am J Clin Nutr. 1969 May;22(5):638–641. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/22.5.638. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  64. Knudsen K. B., Bradley E. M., Lecocq F. R., Bellamy H. M., Welsh J. D. Effect of fasting and refeeding on the histology and disaccharidase activity of the human intestine. Gastroenterology. 1968 Jul;55(1):46–51. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  65. Koldovský O., Chytil F., Muzýcenkova H. Effect of adrenalectomy and diet on the activity of beta-galactosidase in the small intestine during the postnatal development of the rat. Experientia. 1964 Feb 15;20(2):87–89. doi: 10.1007/BF02151257. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  66. Kretchmer N. Lactose and lactase--a historical perspective. Gastroenterology. 1971 Dec;61(6):805–813. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  67. Kretchmer N., Ransome-Kuti O. Lactose intolerance: an international problem. Proc Inst Med Chic. 1970 Nov;28(6):213–217. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  68. Launiala K., Kuitunen P., Visakorpi J. K. Disaccharidases and histology of duodenal mucosa in congenital lactose malabsorption. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1966 May;55(3):257–263. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1966.tb17652.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  69. Launiala K. The mechanism of diarrhoea in congenital disaccharide malabsorption. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1968 Sep;57(5):425–432. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1968.tb07315.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  70. Lebenthal E., Sunshine P., Kretchmer N. Effect of prolonged nursing on the activity of intestinal lactase in rats. Gastroenterology. 1973 Jun;64(6):1136–1141. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  71. Leichter J. Effect of dietary lactose on intestinal lactase activity in young rats. J Nutr. 1973 Mar;103(3):392–396. doi: 10.1093/jn/103.3.392. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  72. Lisker R., Gonzalez B., Daltabuit M. Recessive inheritance of the adult type of intestinal lactase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1975 Sep;27(5):662–664. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  73. Luyken R., Luyken-Koning F. W., Immikhuizen M. J. Lactose intolerance in Surinam. Trop Geogr Med. 1971 Mar;23(1):54–58. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  74. Metz G., Jenkins D. J., Peters T. J., Newman A., Blendis L. M. Breath hydrogen as a diagnostic method for hypolactasia. Lancet. 1975 May 24;1(7917):1155–1157. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)93135-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  75. Neale G. Defects of sugar absorption. The diagnosis, incidence and significance of disaccharidase deficiency in adults. Proc R Soc Med. 1968 Nov;61(11 Pt 1):1099–1102. doi: 10.1177/003591576806111P116. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  76. Newcomer A. D., McGill D. B. Disaccharidase activity in the small intestine: prevalence of lactase deficiency in 100 healthy subjects. Gastroenterology. 1967 Dec;53(6):881–889. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  77. Olatunbosun D. A., Adadevoh B. K. Lactose intolerance in Nigerian children. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1972 Nov;61(6):715–719. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1972.tb15973.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  78. Paige D. M., Bayless T. M., Graham G. G. Milk programs: helpful or harmful to Negro children? Am J Public Health. 1972 Nov;62(11):1486–1488. doi: 10.2105/ajph.62.11.1486. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  79. Paige D. M., Leonardo E., Cordano A., Nakashima J., Adrianzen B., Graham G. G. Lactose intolerance in Peruvian children: effect of age and early nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 1972 Mar;25(3):297–301. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/25.3.297. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  80. Plimmer R. H. On the presence of lactase in the intestines of animals and on the adaptation of the intestine to lactose. J Physiol. 1906 Dec 29;35(1-2):20–31. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1906.sp001178. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  81. Ransome-Kuti O., Kretchmer N., Johnson J. D., Gribble J. T. A genetic study of lactose digestion in Nigerian families. Gastroenterology. 1975 Mar;68(3):431–436. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  82. Reddy B. S., Pleasants J. R., Wostmann B. S. Effect of dietary carbohydrates on intestinal disaccharidases in germfree and conventional rats. J Nutr. 1968 Jul;95(3):413–419. doi: 10.1093/jn/95.3.413. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  83. Reid E. W. Intestinal absorption of maltose. J Physiol. 1901 Jun 14;26(6):427–435. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1901.sp000843. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  84. Rosensweig N. S. Adult lactase deficiency: genetic control or adaptive response? Gastroenterology. 1971 Mar;60(3):464–467. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  85. Rosensweig N. S., Herman R. H. Control of jejunal sucrase and maltase activity by dietary sucrose or fructose in man. A model for the study of enzyme regulation in man. J Clin Invest. 1968 Oct;47(10):2253–2262. doi: 10.1172/JCI105910. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  86. Rosensweig N. S., Herman R. H. Diet and disaccharidases. Am J Clin Nutr. 1969 Jan;22(1):99–102. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/22.1.99. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  87. Sahi T., Isokoski M., Jussila J., Launiala K. Lactose malabsorption in Finnish children of school age. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1972 Jan;61(1):11–16. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1972.tb15897.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  88. Sahi T., Isokoski M., Jussila J., Launiala K., Pyörälä K. Recessive inheritance of adult-type lactose malabsorption. Lancet. 1973 Oct 13;2(7833):823–826. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(73)90862-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  89. Sahi T. Lactose malabsorption in Finnish-speaking and Swedish-speaking populations in Finland. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1974;9(3):303–308. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  90. Sahi T., Launiala K. More evidence for the recessive inheritance of selective adult type lactose malabsorption. Gastroenterology. 1977 Aug;73(2):231–232. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  91. Sahi T. The inheritance of selective adult-type lactose malabsorption. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1974;30:1–73. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  92. Siddons R. C. Carbohydrase activities in the bovine digestive tract. Biochem J. 1968 Aug;108(5):839–844. doi: 10.1042/bj1080839. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  93. Siebner H. Klinik und Genetik der Laktoseintoleranz beim Erwachsenen. Med Welt. 1968 Nov 9;45:2469–2472. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  94. Simoons F. J. Primary adult lactose intolerance and the milking habit: a problem in biologic and cultural interrelations. II. A culture historical hypothesis. Am J Dig Dis. 1970 Aug;15(8):695–710. doi: 10.1007/BF02235991. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  95. Simoons F. J. Primary adult lactose intolerance and the milking habit: a problem in biological and cultural interrelations. I. Review of the medical research. Am J Dig Dis. 1969 Dec;14(12):819–836. doi: 10.1007/BF02233204. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  96. Simoons F. J. Progress report. New light on ethnic differences in adult lactose intolerance. Am J Dig Dis. 1973 Jul;18(7):595–611. doi: 10.1007/BF01072224. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  97. Sriratanaban A., Symynkywicz L. A., Thayer W. R., Jr Effect of physiologic concentration of lactose on prevention of postweaning decline of intestinal lactase. Am J Dig Dis. 1971 Sep;16(9):839–844. doi: 10.1007/BF02239313. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  98. Stanfield J. P., Hutt M. S., Tunnicliffe R. Intestinal biopsy in kwashiorkor. Lancet. 1965 Sep 11;2(7411):519–523. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(65)91474-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  99. Welsh J. D. Isolated lactase deficiency in humans: report on 100 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 1970 Jul;49(4):257–277. doi: 10.1097/00005792-197007000-00001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  100. Wen C. P., Antonowicz I., Tovar E., McGandy R. B., Gershoff S. N. Lactose feeding in lactose-intolerant monkeys. Am J Clin Nutr. 1973 Nov;26(11):1224–1228. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/26.11.1224. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  101. Wen C. P. Milk programs. Am J Public Health. 1973 Aug;63(8):669–671. doi: 10.2105/ajph.63.8.669-b. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  102. Yeh K., Moog F. Intestinal lactase activity in the suckling rat: influence of hypophysectomy and thyroidectomy. Science. 1974 Jan 11;183(4120):77–79. doi: 10.1126/science.183.4120.77. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Gut are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES