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. 2026 Jul 22;17:371. doi: 10.1186/s13287-026-05148-5

Table 2.

Significant adverse events retrospectively collected at long-term follow-up of STEMS phase I study patients

AEs Description Patient’s ID and TC Severity Action taken Outcome Causal relationship to study procedure
MGUS IgG kappa at low risk of progression #001, TC-1 Grade1 FU Ongoing Unlikely
Hypertransaminasemia #004, TC-1 Grade1 FU Spontaneously resolved Unlikely
Post-traumatic tibial fracture #007, TC-2 Grade3* Surgery Resolved Unlikely
Post-traumatic spinal and pelvic fracture #010, TC-3 Grade3* Surgery Resolved Unlikely
Breast ductal carcinoma in situ #013, TC-4 Grade3 Surgery and RT Complete remission Unlikely
Angiomyolipoma enlargement #015, TC-4 Grade3 TAE Volumetric reduction Unlikely

AEs: Adverse events; TC: treatment cohort (as reported in the online methods section, STEMS-patients were consecutively enrolled in 4 treatment cohorts (TCs), each receiving a single intrathecal administration of one of the four increasing treatment doses of hfNPCs (TC-A: 0.7 × 106, TC-B: 1.4 × 106, TC-C: 2.8 × 106 and TC-D: 5.7 × 106 ± 10% viable cells per kilogram of body weight); MGUS: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; FU: Follow-up; RT: radiotherapy; TAE: transarterial Embolization

*Limiting self-care ADL