Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2026 Jul 29;28:41. doi: 10.1186/s12575-026-00353-1

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2026

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 2 — Network pharmacology analysis and functional enrichment analysis of ZZD (ZS-BZ) for the treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C). A Network diagram illustrating the interactions among traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) active ingredients, overlapping gene targets, and the disease. Note: Blue diamonds represent TCM compounds or active ingredients, green ellipses represent target proteins, where darker shading and larger node size indicate greater importance. B Venn diagram of targets shared between ZZD and IBS-C. C The top 13 targets ranked by degree value. D Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. E Biological process (BP) analysis of targets for ZZD in the treatment of IBS-C (top 20 terms). Note: the horizontal axis represents the gene ratio, and the vertical axis represents the enriched BP terms; bars are sorted from smallest to largest P-value. F Cellular component (CC) analysis of targets for ZZD in the treatment of IBS-C (top 20 terms). Note: the horizontal axis represents the gene ratio, and the vertical axis represents the enriched CC terms; bars are sorted from smallest to largest P-value. G Molecular function (MF) analysis of targets for ZZD in the treatment of IBS-C (top 20 terms). H Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of targets for ZZD in the treatment of IBS-C (top 19 terms). Note: the horizontal axis represents the gene ratio, and the vertical axis represents the enriched KEGG pathways; bars are sorted from smallest to largest P-value