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. 2025 Dec 19;17:911. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-67633-4

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© The Author(s) 2025, modified publication 2026

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Fig. 6 — A Schematic representation of full-length GADD34 (GADD34 FL) and its truncation mutants analyzed in the study. The ER-targeting domain (residues 1-60), PEST motifs (residues 323-513), and PP1-binding domain (residues 513-674) are indicated. GFP was fused to the N-terminus of each construct. B, C Co-IP analysis of the interaction between IRE1α and full-length GADD34 (B) or truncated GADD34 variants (C). D Immunofluorescence showing subcellular localization of GADD34 variants. COS-7 cells expressing GFP-vector or indicated GFP-GADD34 constructs (green) were treated with or without Tg (2 μM, 3 h) and immunostained for the ER marker calnexin (CANX, red). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 10 μm. E RT-PCR analysis of XBP1 splicing in control and PPP1R15A knockdown cells expressing full-length or truncated GADD34 constructs. Splicing levels are indicated below each lane (mean ± SD, n = 3 biological replicates). Student’s t-test: *p < 0.05; ns, not significant. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.