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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Oct 30.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Metab. 2019 Mar 4;1(3):321–333. doi: 10.1038/s42255-019-0038-7

Fig. 1 |. mTORC1 links nutrient and energy availability to the controlled switch between anabolic and catabolic metabolism.

Fig. 1 |

The interconversion between nutrients and macromolecules produced from those nutrients is catalysed by anabolic and catabolic pathways. Nutrients and energy can be used to make macromolecules, and macromolecules can be catabolized into their nutrient components, which can be further catabolized to make energy (ATP). Given that mTORC1 is a sensor of nutrients and energy as well as other growth signals, the activation state of mTORC1 instils coordinated control over metabolism that links growth signals to regulated increases or decreases in anabolic and catabolic processes.