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. 2025 Sep 21;15(10):357. doi: 10.1007/s13205-025-04530-z

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© King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2025. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

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Fig. 8 — A Adapalene and ranolazine prolonged the clotting time. ^ap < 0.05 compared to control, ^bp < 0.05 compared to 0.25 M CaCl₂ + 5 μM ADA, ^cp < 0.05 compared to 0.25 M CaCl₂ + 10 μM ADA, ^dp < 0.05 compared to 0.25 M CaCl₂ + 20 μM ADA, ^ep < 0.05 compared to 0.25 M CaCl₂ + 5 μM RAN, ^fp < 0.05 compared to 0.25 M CaCl₂ + 10 μM RAN, and ^gp < 0.05 compared to 0.25 M CaCl₂ + 20 μM RAN in their respective groups. All values are represented in the form of mean ± SD (n = 4). (One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison post hoc test). B Adapalene and ranolazine alleviated the formation of dense clots after 2 h. [A. control, B. 0.25 M CaCl₂ + ADA 5 μM, C. 0.25 M CaCl₂ + ADA 10 μM, D. 0.25 M CaCl₂ + ADA 20 μM, E. 0.25 M CaCl₂ + RAN 5 μM, F. 0.25 M CaCl₂ + RAN 10 μM, G. 0.25 M CaCl₂ + RAN 20 μM, and H. 0.25 M CaCl₂ + CLOP 30 μM]