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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Biochem. 2025 Apr 17;94(1):1–28. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-080124-012840

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Location of mitochondrial-derived peptides in the human mitochondrial genome. Schematic of the mitochondrial genome. Humanin and SHLPs (SHLP1–SHLP6) are found in 16S rRNA, MOTS-c in 12S rRNA, SHMOOSE overlapping with the protein coding gene ND5, and MTALTND4 within the protein coding gene ND4. Abbreviations: mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; rRNA, ribosomal RNA; SHLP, short humanin-like peptide.