Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants by the number of cardiometabolic risk factors
| Characteristic | None (N = 12,153) |
One risk factor (N = 8436) |
Two risk factors (N = 1870) |
Three risk factors (N = 137) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (SD), years | 51.9 (12.2) | 60.6 (12.5) | 62.9 (11.8) | 64.3 (11.8) | < .001 |
| Gender, % | < .001 | ||||
| Male | 5409 (44.5) | 4154 (49.2) | 832 (44.5) | 61 (44.5) | |
| Female | 6744 (55.5) | 4282 (50.8) | 1038 (55.5) | 76 (55.5) | |
| Educational level, % | < .001 | ||||
| Elementary middle School or lower | 5759 (47.4) | 4642 (55.0) | 1052 (56.3) | 81 (59.1) | |
| High school or above | 6394 (52.6) | 3794 (45.0) | 818 (43.7) | 56 (40.9) | |
| Residence, % | < .001 | ||||
| Urban | 5165 (42.5) | 3913 (46.4) | 931 (49.8) | 75 (54.7) | |
| Rural | 6988 (57.5) | 4523 (53.6) | 939 (50.2) | 62 (45.3) | |
| Region, % | < .001 | ||||
| East | 4801 (39.5) | 3380 (40.1) | 961 (51.4) | 77 (56.2) | |
| Central | 5097 (41.9) | 3636 (43.1) | 630 (33.7) | 42 (30.7) | |
| West | 2255 (18.6) | 1420 (16.8) | 279 (14.9) | 18 (13.1) | |
|
Consumption of Alcohol, % |
3355 (27.6) | 2406 (28.5) | 488 (26.1) | 40 (29.2) | 0.156 |
| Smoking types, % | < .001 | ||||
| Current | 3093 (25.5) | 2167 (25.7) | 404 (21.6) | 34 (24.8) | |
| Former | 502 (4.1) | 557 (6.6) | 144 (7.7) | 6 (4.4) | |
| Never | 8558 (70.4) | 5712 (67.7) | 1322 (70.7) | 97 (70.8) | |
| SBP (SD), mm Hg | 119.7 (10.9) | 145.1 (19.4) | 149.2 (18.3) | 152.7 (19.9) | < .001 |
| BMI, Kg/m2 | 24.5 (3.5) | 23.9 (3.3) | 25.1 (3.6) | 26.0 (3.5) | < .001 |
| Cholesterol (SD), mmol/L | |||||
| Total | 4.6 (0.8) | 4.9 (1.0) | 5.5 (1.3) | 6.9 (0.8) | < .001 |
| HDL-C | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.3 (0.3) | 1.3 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.4) | < .001 |
| LDL-C | 2.6 (0.7) | 2.9 (0.8) | 3.4 (1.1) | 4.7 (1.1) | < .001 |
| FPG (SD), mmol/L | 5.1 (0.6) | 5.7 (1.6) | 7.5 (2.7) | 8.7 (2.8) | < .001 |
| Family history of CVD, % | 1184 (9.7) | 1574 (18.7) | 477 (25.5) | 39 (28.5) | < .001 |
Data are represented as mean (standard deviation) or number (%). SBP systolic blood pressure, BMI body mass index, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol, FPG fasting plasma glucose, CVD cardiovascular disease